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kirpathapa
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analysis of slopessoil mechanics
  1. lidiya thapa Beginner

    The following assumptions are generally made: i) The stress system is assumed to be tow-dimensional i.e., the stresses in the third direction (perpendicular to the section of soil mass) are taken as zero. ii) It is assumed that the coulomb equation for shear strength is applicable and the shear streRead more

    The following assumptions are generally made:

    i) The stress system is assumed to be tow-dimensional i.e., the stresses in the third direction (perpendicular to the section of soil mass) are taken as zero.

    ii) It is assumed that the coulomb equation for shear strength is applicable and the shear strength parameters C and ∅ are known.

    iii) It is further assumed that the seepage conditions and water travels are known and the corresponding pore water pressure can be estimated.

    iv) The conditions of plastics failure are assumed to be satisfied along the critical surface. In other words, the shearing strains at all points of the critical surface are large enough to mobilize all the available shear strength.

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lidiya thapa
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slope failurestability of slopes
  1. kirpathapa Beginner

    Generally the stability of slope can be enhanced by the different types of corrective measures: i) Flattering the slope due to which tendency for soil mass to slide is reduced. ii) Providing a berm below the toe of the slope helps to increase the resistance to the movement of the soil from the slopeRead more

    Generally the stability of slope can be enhanced by the different types of corrective measures:

    i) Flattering the slope due to which tendency for soil mass to slide is reduced.

    ii) Providing a berm below the toe of the slope helps to increase the resistance to the movement of the soil from the slope. It is especially useful when there is a possibility of a base failure.

    iii) Drainage helps in reducing the seepage forces and hence increase the stability.

    iv) Densification by use of explosives, vibrofloatation,etc. helps in increasing the shear strength of cohesion less soil and thus increasing the stability.

    v) Consolidation by surcharging or other methods helps in increasing the stability of slopes.

    vi) Grouting and injection of cement or other compounds into specific zones help in increasing the stability of slopes.

    vii) Sheet piles and retaining walls can be installed to provide lateral supported and to increase the stability.

    viii) Stabilization of the soil helps in increasing the stability of slopes.

    ix) Planting the surface of the slope is beneficial to protect the slope against shallow slides.

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kirpathapa
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hill roadstransportation
  1. lidiya thapa Beginner

    Selection of road alignment Geometric design (Gradient and hair pin bends) Cross section design Design of drainage structure Design and construction problems in Hill roads There are various design and construction problem in hill road, listed as: i.  A hilly or mountainous area is characterized by aRead more

    • Selection of road alignment
    • Geometric design (Gradient and hair pin bends)
    • Cross section design
    • Design of drainage structure

    Design and construction problems in Hill roads

    There are various design and construction problem in hill road, listed as:

    i.  A hilly or mountainous area is characterized by a highly broken relief with widely differing elevations, steep slopes, deep gorges, and a great number of water courses. Owning to complex topography, the route length has to be ineffectively increased.

    ii. Due to presence of number of water courses, a large number of culverts, bridges and cause way are required.

    iii. In mountainous terrain it is very much difficult and tedius to fix alignment, topography surveys and other geological and hydrological studies.

    iv. It is very difficult to design and construction of hairpin bends in large number also possibility of accident becomes high due to presence of it.

    v. Cost of design and construction is high.

    vi. It is very difficult to maintain gradient along longitudinal alignment and sufficient side distance.

    vii. Proper management of highway drainage is very difficult and demands extra work such as catch drain, vertical drain etc.

    viii. Needs a lot of permanent works like retaining walls, breast walls etc.

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