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Aastha_tandukar
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Aastha_tandukarBeginner
Asked: December 14, 20212021-12-14T13:55:38+05:45 2021-12-14T13:55:38+05:45In: Mechanical

Explain the statement, “The perpetual motion machine of the first kind is impossible.”

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heat transferthermodynamics
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    1. sonal_shahi Beginner
      2021-12-14T13:56:18+05:45Added an answer on December 14, 2021 at 1:56 pm

      The perpetual motion was originally conceived as a purely mechanical contrivance when once set in motion would continue to run forever. Such a machine would be merely a curiosity of no practical value and we know that the presence of friction makes it impossible. One would be of immense value is a machine producing a continuous supply of work without absorbing energy from the surroundings, such as a machine is called a perpetual motion machine of the first kind.

      It is always possible to devise a machine to deliver a limited quantity of work without requiring a source of energy in the surroundings. For example, a gas compressed behind a piston will expand and do work at the expense of the internal work of the gas. Such a device cannot produce work continuously, however, for this to be achieved the machine must be capable of undergoing a succession of cyclic processes. An equation  ΣδQ=ΣδW states that if a net amount of heat is not supplied by the surroundings during a cycle, no net amount of work can be delivered by the system. Hence, the first law of thermodynamics implies that a perpetual motion machine of the first kind is impossible.

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